• FAA2.A Verification and Cooperation
  • 01 Verification and Cooperation - Overview
    • A Documented Verification
    • B Collateral Contact Verification
    • C Participant Statement Verification
  • 02 Use of Verification Codes
  • 03 Information Verification
  • 04 Resolving Questionable or Unclear Information
    • A Questionable Information
    • B Unclear Information
  • 05 Prudent Person Concept
  • 06 Required Documentation
    • A Required Documentation – Collateral Contacts
    • B Required Documentation – Visually Viewed Verification
  • 07 Requesting Verification
  • 08 Cooperation - Overview
    • A Cooperation Requirements
    • B Refusal to Cooperate
• FAA2.B Beginning the Interview
  • 01 Beginning the Interview - Overview
    • A Conducting the Interview - Overview
      • .01 Review of Case History (Priors)
      • .02 During the Interview
    • B Additional Programs Requested During the Interview
    • C Informing the Participants of Important Information
      • .01 Rights and Responsibilities of the Participant
  • 02 CA Personal Responsibility Agreement (PRA) - Overview
    • A CA Personal Responsibility Agreement (PRA)
    • B Participants Required to Comply With the CA PRA
    • C Completing the CA PRA
    • D DES CA PRA Responsibilities
    • E Participant CA PRA Responsibilities
    • F Noncooperation with the CA PRA
    • G CA PRA Noncompliance Good Cause
  • 03 CA PRA School Attendance Requirements - Overview
    • A CA PRA School Attendance Requirements
    • B CA PRA School Attendance Good Cause for Noncompliance
    • C CA PRA School Attendance Noncompliance
      • .01 School Attendance Noncompliance for New Applications
      • .02 School Attendance Noncompliance for Renewal Applications
    • D School Attendance Good Cause Reason
      • .01 Completion of Approved Courses
      • .02 Employment with Parental Consent
      • .03 Expulsion or Suspension from School
      • .04 Habitually Truant
      • .05 Nonattendance Approved by School
      • .06 Physically or Mentally Incapacitated
      • .07 Unable to Register or to Re-enroll
      • .08 School Attendance Good Cause Reason Verification
    • E Ending a CA PRA School Attendance Sanction
  • 04 CA PRA Immunization Requirements - Overview
    • A CA PRA Immunization Requirements
    • B CA PRA Immunization Good Cause for Noncompliance
      • .01 CA PRA Immunization Good Cause Reasons
      • .02 CA PRA Immunization Good Cause Verification
    • C CA PRA Immunization Noncompliance
      • .01 CA PRA Immunization Noncompliance for New Applications
      • .02 CA PRA Immunization Noncompliance for Renewal Applications
    • D Ending a CA PRA Immunization Sanction
  • 05 CA PRA Jobs Cooperation - Overview
  • 06 CA PRA DCSS Cooperation - Overview
  • 07 CA Drug Test – Overview
    • A CA Drug Test Requirement
    • B Reasonable Cause for Drug Use
    • C Illegal Drug Use Statement at New CA Application Approval
    • D Illegal Drug Use Statement at Renewal Interview
    • E Illegal Drug Use Statement Provided by the Participant
    • F Illegal Drug Use Statement Not Provided by the Participant
    • G Drug Test Referral Procedure
    • H Central Office Drug Test Scheduling Procedures
    • I Drug Test Completed with Negative Results
    • J Drug Test Completed with Positive Results
    • K Drug Test Not Completed
  • 08 Drug Conviction PRA - Overview
  • 09 Voluntary Quit PRA - Overview
• FAA2.C Address (ADDR ADFF)
  • 01 ADDR/ADFF - Purpose
  • 02 Address - Overview
  • 03 Address Finalist Format - Overview
  • 04 Participant Address - Overview
    • A Residential Address
    • B Mailing Address
    • C Temporary Out of State Requirements
    • D Temporary Out of U.S. Address
    • E Address Verification
  • 05 Change of Address - Overview
    • A Change of Address – Open Cases
    • B Change of Address – Moved Out of State
      • .01 Change of Address – PARIS Interstate Match Report
    • C Address Change - Pending Applications
  • 06 Returned Mail Procedures for NA and CA
  • 07 Keying ADDR
    • A Keying ATTENTION on ADDR
    • B Keying Addresses on ADDR
    • C Keying CONFIDENTIAL on ADDR
    • D Keying General Delivery Service on ADDR
  • 08 ADFF Reports
  • 09 ADFF Functions - Overview
    • A 1. Update AZTECS With Original Address
    • B 2. Update AZTECS With Finalist Address
    • C 3. Modify Original Address
• FAA2.D Setup Participations (SEPA)
  • 01 SEPA - Purpose
  • 02 Setup Participation - Overview
  • 03 Living Arrangements
    • A Verification of Living Arrangements
  • 04 Establishing Relationship - Overview
    • A Verifying Relationship
    • B Relationship Verification Documents
    • C Relationship Code Function
  • 05 Case Participation - Overview
    • A CA Case Participation
      • .01 Mandatory CA Participants
      • .02 Optional CA Participants
      • .03 Receipt of Supportive Services ONLY
      • .04 CA Nonparticipants
      • .05 Disqualified CA Participants
    • B NA Case Participation
      • .01 Mandatory NA Participants
      • .02 Optional NA Participants
      • .03 NA Nonparticipants
      • .04 Disqualified NA Participants
      • .05 Joint Physical Custody – NA
    • C Disqualified Participants
      • .01 CA Participants Keyed as DF
      • .02 CA Participants Keyed as DI
      • .03 NA Participants Keyed as DE
      • .04 NA Participants Keyed as DI
      • .05 NA Participants Keyed as DF
      • .06 Drug Conviction Disqualification
      • .07 Drug Conviction Case Closure/Denial Procedures
      • .08 NA Drug Disqualification Removal Requirements
  • 06 Participation Codes - Overview
  • 07 Participation Changes - Overview
    • A Adding Participants - SEPA
    • B Removing Participants - SEPA
• FAA2.E Program and Person Alerts (PRAP/DISA)
  • 01 PRAP - Purpose
  • 02 Program and Person Alerts - Overview
  • 03 Disqualifications and Sanctions - Overview
  • 04 Program Disqualifications
    • A Disqualifications Keyed on PRAP
    • B Disqualifications Keyed on DISA
      • .01 Keying IPV or VQ Disqualification
      • .02 Keying Fraud Disqualification
  • 05 Alert Codes
    • A Program ONLY Alerts
    • B Person ONLY Alerts
      • .01 NA Drug Disqualification Removal FD EXCEPT
    • C Program AND Person Alerts
    • D Mandatory Alerts
  • 06 CA Sanctions
    • A CA PRA Graduated Sanctions
    • B CA Cumulative Sanctions
    • C CA Sanction Notification
      • .01 CA PRA Sanction Notification
      • .02 DCSS Noncompliance Notification
      • .03 Jobs Program Noncompliance Notification
      • .04 DCSS Compliance Notification
      • .05 Voluntary Quit Noncompliance Notification
      • .06 Drug Conviction Noncompliance Notification
    • D Imposing CA Sanctions
      • .01 Imposing A New CA Sanction
      • .02 Imposing An Ongoing CA Sanction
      • .03 CA Sanctions in Inactive Cases
    • E Sanction Notice Requirements
      • .01 Sanction Notices – FAA Responsibility
      • .02 Sanction Notices – Jobs Program Noncompliance
    • F CA Sanction Duration
    • G Ending Jobs Program CA Sanctions
    • H Verification to End CA Sanctions
    • I Reapplication After CA Sanction
      • .01 Jobs Recompliance
      • .02 DCSS Recompliance
      • .03 School Recompliance
      • .04 Immunization Recompliance
      • .05 Drug Conviction Recompliance
      • .06 Voluntary Quit Recompliance
    • J Requirements for Ending the CA Drug Conviction Sanction
    • K CA Sanction Examples
    • L CA Ongoing Sanction SAR Report
  • 07 Tribal NEW Sanctions
    • A Tribal NEW Graduated Sanctions
    • B Tribal NEW Cumulative Sanctions
    • C Imposing Tribal NEW Sanctions
      • .01 Imposing Tribal NEW Sanctions – Active Cases
      • .02 Imposing Tribal NEW Sanctions – Inactive Cases
      • .03 Imposing Ongoing Tribal NEW Sanctions
    • D Tribal NEW Sanction Notices
    • E Tribal NEW Sanction Duration
    • F Ending Tribal NEW Sanctions
    • G Verifying the End of Tribal NEW Sanctions
    • H Reapplying after Tribal NEW Sanction
    • I Tribal NEW Recompliance
• FAA2.F EBT Payee Maintenance (EBPM)
  • 01 EBPM - Purpose
  • 02 EBT Payee Maintenance - Overview
  • 03 Establishing the Primary Payee
    • A EBT Primary Payee Set up
    • B EBT Primary Payee Changes
  • 04 Establishing or Changing EBT Alternate Card Holder
    • A EBT Alternate Set Up
    • B EBT Alternate Changes
    • C EBT Alternate Deletions
  • 05 Authorizing Use of EBT Account
• FAA2.G Marital Status (MAST)
  • 01 MAST - Purpose
  • 02 Marital Status - Overview
    • A Marital Status Requirements
    • B Marital Status Types
      • .01 Common Law Marriage
    • C Marital Status Verification - Overview
      • .01 Verifying Marital Status
      • .02 Marriage Documents
  • 03 Pregnancy - Overview
    • A Verifying Pregnancy
    • B Verifying the Expected Delivery Date (EDD)
  • 04 Participants Temporarily Out of the Home
  • 05 Change in Marital Status
• FAA2.H Temporary Out of Home Address (TEOA)
  • 01 TEOA - Purpose
  • 02 Temporary Out of Home Address - Overview
  • 03 Temporarily Out of the Home at CA New Application
  • 04 Temporarily Out of the Home - CA Active Case
    • A Temporarily Absent Child
    • B Temporarily Absent Specified Relative
    • C Residing in a Facility
• FAA2.I Referral Source Entry (RESE)
  • 01 RESE - Purpose
  • 02 Referral Source Entry - Overview
  • 03 Referred Applications - Overview
    • A CA Referred Applications
    • B NA Referred Applications
      • .01 NA Disaster Relief Referred Applications
      • .02 Arizona Nutrition Assistance Outreach Program NA Referrals
    • C Referral for Other Benefits and DCSS Requirements
    • D Referred Applications Processing Time Frames
  • 04 Referring Agencies Overview
    • A DCS Fast Pass Application Process
      • .01 DCS Fast Pass – DCS Specialist Responsibilities
      • .02 DCS Fast Pass – FAA Responsibilities
  • 05 Kinship Foster Care CA Referrals - Overview
    • A Kinship Foster Care - Child Only Case
    • B Kinship Foster Care-DCS Responsibilities
    • C Kinship Foster Care - FAA Responsibilities
  • 06 Referral for Other Benefits
    • A Referral for Other Benefits Requirements
    • B Types of Other Benefits
      • .01 SSA/RSDI Referral
      • .02 Railroad Retirement Referral
      • .03 Veteran’s Benefits Referral
      • .04 Workers’ Compensation Referral
      • .05 Unemployment Insurance Referral
      • .06 Private Resources Referral
      • .07 Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Referral
• FAA2.J Race/Residency/Ethnicity (RARE)
  • 01 RARE - Purpose
  • 02 Race/Residency/Ethnicity - Overview
  • 03 Race
  • 04 Arizona Residency - Overview
  • 05 CA Arizona Residency Requirements
    • A Dependent Child Residency Requirements - CA
    • B Loss of Residency - CA
    • C Migrant Workers - CA
    • D Retaining AZ Residency - CA
  • 06 NA Arizona Residency Requirements
    • A Boarders - NA
    • B Foster Care Participants-NA
    • C Drug/Alcohol Treatment/Rehabilitation Centers - NA
      • .01 Treatment Center Requirements
      • .02 Treatment Center Approval Procedures
      • .03 Treatment Center Processing Standards
      • .04 Treatment Center Responsibilities
      • .05 Treatment Center – FAA Responsibilities for NA
      • .06 Treatment Center Disqualifications
    • D Group Living Arrangements (GLA)
      • .01 GLA Eligibility Requirements
      • .02 Eligibility of GLA Residents
      • .03 GLA Filing of Applications
      • .04 GLA Special Deductions
      • .05 GLA Responsibilities
      • .06 FAA Responsibilities Regarding GLA
      • .07 Disqualification of GLAs
    • E Homeless - NA
      • .01 Homeless Definition
      • .02 Homeless Eligibility
      • .03 Homeless Special Considerations
      • .04 Homeless Verification
      • .05 FAA Verification of Meal Provision
      • .06 Homeless Receiving Notices
    • F Migrant or Seasonal Farm Workers - NA
      • .01 Migrants - NA
      • .02 Seasonal Farm Workers - NA
      • .03 Destitute Budgetary Units
      • .04 Budgeting Destitute Budgetary Units
    • G Residents Of Institutions - NA
      • .01 Maintaining Institutions in HEAplus
    • H Domestic Violence Emergency Shelters - NA
      • .01 Domestic Violence Emergency Shelter - Shelter Qualification Requirements
      • .02 Residents of Approved Shelters
      • .03 Domestic Violence Emergency Shelter Income/Resource Exceptions
      • .04 Domestic Violence Processing Standards
      • .05 Domestic Violence Emergency Shelter - Status of the Former Budgetary Unit
  • 07 Arizona Residency Verification
    • A Intent to Remain for CA
    • B Questionable Arizona Residency
  • 08 Ethnicity
• FAA2.K Identity and Citizenship (IDCI/NOCS)
  • 01 IDCI/NOCS – Purpose
  • 02 Identity and Citizenship - Overview
  • 03 Identity
    • A Identity Requirements
    • B Legally Changed Identity Due To Violence Or Abuse
    • C Verification of Identity
  • 04 Citizenship Requirements
  • 05 U.S. Citizenship
    • A Citizenship Conditions
    • B Child Citizenship Through the Child Citizenship Act
    • C Northern Mariana Islands
    • D Panama Canal Zone
    • E Puerto Rico
    • F U.S. Virgin Islands
  • 06 Verification of U.S. Citizenship
    • A Verification Documents for CA and NA Citizenship
      • .01 Primary Verification Documents for CA and NA
      • .02 Secondary Verification Documents for CA and NA
    • B Citizenship Keying Procedures
      • .01 Acceptable Citizenship Verification Provided
      • .02 Documents Not Provided – Citizenship Not Verified
  • 07 Noncitizen Status (NOCS) - Overview
  • 08 Noncitizen Overview
    • A Qualified Noncitizens
      • .01 Asylee
      • .02 Battered Noncitizen
      • .03 Cuban or Haitian Entrant
      • .04 Noncitizen Whose Deportation is Withheld
      • .05 Indefinite Detainee
      • .06 Noncitizen Paroled into the U.S.
      • .07 Refugee or Amerasian
      • .08 Victim of Severe Trafficking
      • .09 Special Immigrant Visa Holder
      • .10 Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR)
      • .11 American Indians Born Outside of the United States
      • .12 Hmong and Highland Laotians
    • B Lawful Permanent Resident – Additional Requirements
      • .01 Five Years Lawful Residency
      • .02 Prior Qualified Status
      • .03 Military Connection
      • .04 Continuous Residency (CA)
      • .05 Under Age 18 (NA)
      • .06 Permanent Disability (NA)
    • C Non-Sponsored Lawful Permanent Resident
    • D Sponsored Lawful Permanent Resident
      • .01 Determining Whether to Deem the Sponsor’s Income and Resources
      • .02 Sponsored Indigent Test
      • .03 Deeming Sponsor Income and Resources
      • .04 Verification Requirements for Sponsored Lawful Permanent Residents
      • .05 Change Reporting Requirements for Sponsored Lawful Permanent Residents
      • .06 Overpayments of Sponsored Lawful Permanent Residents
      • .07 Appeals Process for Sponsored Lawful Permanent Residents
    • E 40 Quarters of Earnings
      • .01 Accumulating 40 Quarters
      • .02 Covered and Noncovered Earnings
      • .03 40 Quarter Verification
      • .04 Lag Quarters
      • .05 Approval Pending 40 Quarters of Coverage
    • F Qualified Noncitizen Documents- Overview
    • G Nonqualified Noncitizens - Overview
      • .01 Nonqualified Noncitizens with USCIS Documentation
      • .02 Nonqualified Noncitizens without USCIS Documentation
    • H Nonqualified Noncitizen Documents
    • I Determining Noncitizen Status
    • J Noncitizen Keying Procedures
  • 09 Refugee Resettlement Program (RRP)
    • A Refugee Cash Assistance (RCA)
      • .01 RCA Noncitizen Requirements
      • .02 RCA Agency Contact
      • .03 RCA Documentation and Processing
      • .04 RCA Program Selection Requirements
      • .05 RCA Work Program Requirements
      • .06 RCA Work Program Noncompliance
  • 10 Verification Information System (VIS)
    • A Accessing the VIS System
    • B Initial VIS Queries
    • C Additional VIS Queries
    • D Additional VIS Responses
    • E Closing Records in VIS
    • F Searching the VIS System
    • G Exiting the VIS System
    • H Maintaining VIS Users
      • .01 Assigning VIS User IDs
      • .02 View VIS Users
      • .03 Modify VIS Users
      • .04 Delete VIS Users
      • .05 Maintain VIS User Passwords
      • .06 Unlock VIS User Password
    • I Monitoring VIS Workloads
• FAA2.L Social Security Number, Date of Birth and Sex (SSDO)
  • 01 SSDO - Purpose
  • 02 Social Security Number, Date of Birth and Sex - Overview
  • 03 Social Security Number (SSN)
    • A Social Security Enumeration
    • B Assigned Numbers
    • C SSN Requirements
    • D Employee Using A Child's SSN
    • E Participant Disagrees with Wage Information
    • F SSN Application and Referral
    • G Follow up on SSN Application
    • H SSN Noncompliance
      • .01 SSN Noncompliance – CA Special Considerations
      • .02 SSN Noncompliance – NA Special Considerations
      • .03 SSN Noncompliance – Unable to Comply
      • .04 SSN Noncompliance – Failure to Comply
      • .05 SSN Noncompliance – Refusal to Comply
      • .06 SSN Noncompliance – NA Good Cause
    • I Unverified SSN
    • J SSN Verification
  • 04 Date of Birth and Age
    • A Date of Birth
    • B Important Ages
      • .01 Important Ages - CA
      • .02 Important Ages - NA
    • C Date of Birth Verification
      • .01 Date of Birth Verification - CA
      • .02 Date of Birth Verification - NA
    • D Requesting Verification of Birth or Death
  • 05 Student Criteria for CA
    • A Full-time Students
    • B Date of Graduation
    • C Student Earned Income for CA
    • D Student Status Verification
    • E Student Status Alerts
  • 06 Elderly or Disabled NA Participants
    • A Elderly or Persons with a Disability - NA Requirements
    • B Special Considerations for NA Participants who are Elderly or have a Disability
  • 07 NA Joint Applications
    • A Referral from SSA
    • B SSA Responsibilities
    • C FAA Responsibilities
    • D SSI Pure Applications
    • E Non-Pure SSI Applications
    • F Institutionalized NA SSI Participants
      • .01 Institutionalized NA SSI - SSA Responsibility
      • .02 Institutionalized NA SSI - FAA Responsibility
      • .03 Tracking Joint Applications
• FAA2.M Welfare Reform (WERE/CODC/CODF)
  • 01 WERE/CODC/CODF - Purpose
  • 02 Welfare Reform - Overview
  • 03 Counter Display for Cash - Overview
  • 04 Counter Display - Overview
  • 05 Counter History - Overview
  • 06 CA Family Benefit Cap Period (FBCP) - Overview
    • A Parent's 60 Month Family Benefit Cap Period
    • B New Family Benefit Cap Period (FBCP) Begins
    • C Determining Whose FBCP to Use
    • D Benefit Capped (BC) Children
    • E FBCP Exempt Child
      • .01 Born or Adopted Within Ten Months of Interview
      • .02 Born or Adopted During Arizona Works
      • .03 First Child of a Participant Under 18
      • .04 Born To or Adopted By Tribal TANF Participant
      • .05 Claim of Sexual Assault or Incest
      • .06 Born or Adopted Before New FBCP
      • .07 BC Child Living With A Nonparent Specified Relative
      • .08 FBCP Eligibility Window
  • 07 Lifetime Benefit Limit (LIBL) and State Benefit Limit (STBL) - Overview
    • A Receipt of Countable Months During the LIBL/STBL
    • B Not Countable LIBL/STBL Months
    • C LIBL/STBL Time Limit Extension - Overview
      • .01 LIBL/STBL Time Limit Extension – School Attendance
    • D LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension - Overview
    • E LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility - Overview
      • .01 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Nonparent Specified Relative
      • .02 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility - Disability
      • .03 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Full Time Required Caretaker for their Disabled Child, Parent, Spouse, or Domestic Partner
      • .04 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Victim of Violence, Crime, or Domestic Violence
      • .05 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Homeless
      • .06 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Ability to Complete an Educational or Training Program
      • .07 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Inability to Find or Afford Child Care
      • .08 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – No Readily Available or Affordable Transportation
      • .09 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Other Hardship Reason
    • F LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility - Verification Overview
      • .01 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Disability Verification
      • .02 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension Eligibility – Caretaker Verification
      • .03 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – Victim of Violence, Crime, or Domestic Violence Verification
      • .04 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – Homeless Verification
      • .05 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – Ability to Complete an Educational or Training Program Verification
      • .06 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – Participant Cannot Find or Afford Childcare Verification
      • .07 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – Transportation is Not Readily Available or Affordable Verification
      • .08 Verification of Other State LIBL
      • .09 LIBL/STBL Hardship Extension – An Other LIBL/STBL Extension Reason Verification
    • G LIBL/STBL Hardship and Time Limit Extension Procedures – Overview
      • .01 LIBL/STBL Hardship and Time Limit Extension Procedures – New Applications
      • .02 LIBL/STBL Hardship and Time Limit Extension Procedures – Renewal Applications
      • .03 LIBL Hardship Extension and Time Limit Extension Requests
      • .04 STBL Hardship Extension and Time Limit Extension Requests
      • .05 LIBL Hardship Extension Keying Procedures
      • .06 STBL Hardship Extension Keying Procedures
      • .07 LIBL/STBL Time Limit Extension Keying Procedures
      • .08 LIBL Hardship Extension - Keying Procedures for Closures
      • .09 STBL Hardship Extension - Keying Procedures for Closures
      • .10 LIBL/STBL Time Limit Extension - Keying Procedures for Closures
  • 08 CA Unwed Minor Parent (UMP) - Overview
    • A UMP - DCSS Requirements
    • B UMP - Living with Parent or Relative
    • C UMP - Living with Legal Guardian
    • D UMP - Living on Own
    • E UMP - Good Cause Reasons
      • .01 Good Cause - Death
      • .02 Good Cause - Unknown Location
      • .03 Good Cause - Emancipation
      • .04 Good Cause - Abuse
    • F UMP - Two Parent Employment Program (TPEP)
  • 09 CA Supportive Services - Overview
    • A CA Supportive Services - Requirements
    • B CA Supportive Services - Changes
  • 10 NA Able Bodied Adult Without Dependents – Overview
    • A ABAWD - Work Requirements
      • .01 ABAWD – Work Requirement Good Cause Exception
    • B ABAWD – Exemptions
      • .01 Age ABAWD Exemption
      • .02 Residing With a Minor Child (Under Age 18) Exemption
      • .03 Mentally or Physically Unfit for Work Exemption
      • .04 Geographic Exemption
      • .05 Pregnancy Exemption
    • C ABAWD - Countable Months
      • .01 No Countable Months
      • .02 Three Countable Months
    • D ABAWD – Participation and Referral
    • E ABAWD - Extension Period
      • .01 Extension Period Requirements
      • .02 Extension Authorization
    • F ABAWD – Reporting Requirements
    • G ABAWD - Regaining Eligibility
    • H ABAWD 15 Percent Exemption
  • 11 Arizona Tracking Display (AZTD) for CA - Overview